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| The Proposal Class 10 UP Board Question Answer |
📚 The Proposal: Top 50 Word Meanings (English-Hindi)
| Word | English Meaning | Hindi Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Proposal | An offer of marriage | विवाह का प्रस्ताव |
| Landowner | A person who owns land | ज़मींदार |
| Suspicious | Feeling of doubt or mistrust | अविश्वासी/शकी |
| Palpitations | Rapid or irregular heartbeat | दिल की धड़कन बढ़ना |
| Privilege | A special right or advantage | विशेषाधिकार/सौभाग्य |
| Pardon | Forgiveness or excuse | क्षमा करना |
| Intriguant | A person who makes secret plans | षड्यंत्रकारी |
| Excited | Feeling very happy or nervous | उत्तेजित |
| Consent | Agreement or permission | सहमति |
| Lovesick | Pining for someone's love | प्रेम में पागल |
| Trembling | Shaking with fear or cold | काँपना |
| Housekeeper | Person who manages a home | गृहणी |
| Negligence | Lack of proper care | उपेक्षा/लापरवाही |
| Stack | A pile of something (hay) | ढेर लगाना |
| Splendid | Very impressive; magnificent | शानदार |
| Meadows | A field of grass | चारागाह |
| Wedged | Fixed tightly between things | बीच में फँसा हुआ |
| Perpetuity | State of lasting forever | अनंत काल |
| Ancestors | Forefathers | पूर्वज |
| Documents | Official papers as proof | दस्तावेज़ |
| Dessiatins | A Russian unit of land area | डिसयाटिन (रूसी माप) |
| Unfairness | Injustice | अन्याय |
| Implore | To beg someone earnestly | प्रार्थना करना |
| Perpetual | Never ending or changing | लगातार |
| Impudent | Not showing respect | गुस्ताख़/ढीठ |
| Gypsies | Nomadic people | खानाबदोश |
| Landgrabber | Person who takes land illegally | ज़मीन हड़पने वाला |
| Mowers | People who cut grass | घास काटने वाले |
| Excruciating | Intensely painful | अत्यधिक कष्टदायक |
| Restrain | To keep under control | नियंत्रण में रखना |
| Pedigree | The record of ancestry | नस्ल/वंशावली |
| Overshot | Lower jaw shorter than upper | निचला जबड़ा छोटा होना |
| Thoroughbred | Pure breed animal | अच्छी नस्ल का |
| Muzzle | The nose and mouth of an animal | थूथन/मुँह |
| Jealous | Feeling resentment/envy | ईर्ष्यालु |
| Blameless | Innocent | निर्दोष |
| Whipper-in | A huntsman's assistant | शिकारी का सहायक |
| Hysterical | Uncontrolled emotion | बेकाबू होकर रोना |
| Embrace | To hold closely (hug) | गले लगाना |
| Blessing | God's favor or protection | आशीर्वाद |
| Champagne | A sparkling wine | शैम्पेन (एक शराब) |
| Ailment | An illness | बीमारी |
| Accumulated | Gathered together | जमा किया हुआ |
| Wandered | Walked aimlessly | भटकना |
| Lament | Expression of grief | विलाप करना |
| Shield | To protect | बचाना/ढाल |
| Vow | A solemn promise | शपथ/प्रतिज्ञा |
| Flickered | Burned unsteadily | टिमटिमाना |
| Extinguished | Put out (a fire/light) | बुझ जाना |
| Desolation | State of emptiness | वीरानी |
The Proposal Short Summary Class 10 (100 Words)
"The Proposal" is a one-act farce by Anton Chekhov. Lomov, a wealthy landowner, visits his neighbor Chubukov to propose marriage to his daughter, Natalya. However, before the proposal is made, they fall into a heated argument over a piece of land called 'Oxen Meadows'. After a brief reconciliation, they argue again about whose dog—Guess or Squeezer—is superior. Despite the constant quarreling, the marriage proposal is eventually accepted because of their shared economic interests. The play satirizes the greed and superficiality of the wealthy class.
The Proposal Summary in 200 Words
The play begins with Ivan Lomov arriving at Chubukov's house in formal evening dress. Chubukov initially thinks Lomov has come to borrow money, but is overjoyed to learn he wants to marry Natalya. When Natalya enters, Lomov starts explaining his family's history to justify the proposal. This leads to a dispute over Oxen Meadows, as both families claim ownership. The argument becomes so intense that Lomov, who suffers from heart palpitations, leaves in a huff.
When Natalya learns it was a marriage proposal, she becomes desperate and asks her father to bring him back. Lomov returns, but another argument erupts over their hunting dogs, Guess and Squeezer. Lomov eventually faints from stress. Thinking he is dead, Chubukov panics but when Lomov regains consciousness, Chubukov quickly puts Natalya's hand in his and blesses them. Even after getting engaged, the couple continues to argue, showing that their union is based more on social status than love.
The Proposal Summary in Hindi Class 10
"द प्रपोजल" (The Proposal) एंटोन चेखव द्वारा लिखित एक व्यंग्यात्मक नाटक (Farce) है, जो रूस के धनी परिवारों के बीच विवाह की परंपराओं और उनकी लालची प्रवृत्ति पर प्रहार करता है।
📍 लोमोव का आगमन और प्रस्ताव
नाटक की शुरुआत इवान लोमोव के साथ होती है, जो अपने पड़ोसी चुबुकोव के घर औपचारिक शाम की पोशाक (Evening Dress) पहनकर आता है। चुबुकोव को पहले लगता है कि वह पैसे उधार माँगने आया है, लेकिन जब उसे पता चलता है कि लोमोव उसकी बेटी नताल्या का हाथ माँगने आया है, तो वह खुशी से उसे गले लगा लेता है।
📍 ऑक्सन मीडोज का विवाद
जब नताल्या कमरे में आती है, तो लोमोव प्रस्ताव देने के बजाय अपने परिवार के इतिहास और जमीनों के बारे में बात करने लगता है। इसी बीच 'ऑक्सन मीडोज' (Oxen Meadows) का जिक्र आता है, जिस पर दोनों अपना हक जताने लगते हैं। बहस इतनी बढ़ जाती है कि वे एक-दूसरे के खानदान का अपमान करने लगते हैं। लोमोव, जिसे दिल की धड़कन बढ़ने (palpitations) की बीमारी है, गुस्से में घर छोड़कर चला जाता है।
📍 कुत्तों की श्रेष्ठता पर झगड़ा
जब नताल्या को पता चलता है कि लोमोव शादी का प्रस्ताव लेकर आया था, तो वह पागलों की तरह उसे वापस बुलाने की जिद करती है। लोमोव वापस आता है, लेकिन इस बार बहस उनके शिकारी कुत्तों, 'गेस' (Guess) और 'स्क्वीज़र' (Squeezer), की श्रेष्ठता पर शुरू हो जाती है। झगड़ा इतना गंभीर हो जाता है कि लोमोव तनाव के कारण बेहोश हो जाता है।
📍 अंत: एक व्यापारिक समझौता
चुबुकोव को डर लगता है कि लोमोव मर गया है, लेकिन जब वह होश में आता है, तो चुबुकोव बिना देर किए नताल्या का हाथ उसके हाथ में दे देता है और उन्हें आशीर्वाद देता है। सगाई होने के तुरंत बाद भी वे फिर से झगड़ना शुरू कर देते हैं। यह नाटक दिखाता है कि उनकी शादी आपसी प्रेम पर नहीं, बल्कि केवल सामाजिक और आर्थिक लाभ के लिए हुई है।
The Proposal Character Sketches
- A Suspicious Landowner: Lomov ek 35 saal ka kunwara zameendar hai jo apne padosi Chubukov ki beti se shadi karna chahta hai.
- Hypochondriac Nature: Wo apni sehat ko lekar hamesha chintit rehta hai. Use 'palpitations' (dil ki dhadkan badhna) ki bimari hai aur wo thik se so nahi pata.
- Practical but Stubborn: Wo Natalya se prem nahi karta balki ek "shant aur niyamit" jeevan bitane ke liye shadi karna chahta hai. Halanki, wo apni zameen 'Oxen Meadows' aur kutte 'Guess' ke liye kisi bhi had tak ladne ko taiyaar hai.
- Efficient Housekeeper: Natalya 25 saal ki hai, dikhne mein acchi aur ek bahut kushal grahini (excellent housekeeper) hai.
- Highly Quarrelsome: Wo bahut jhagralu svabhav ki hai. Wo Oxen Meadows ke vivad mein Lomov ko buri tarah zaleel karti hai aur use 'land-grabber' tak keh deti hai.
- Desperate for Love: Itni ladayi ke baad bhi jab use pata chalta hai ki Lomov proposal dene aaya tha, to wo rone lagti hai aur use wapas bulane ke liye apne pita se gidgidati hai.
- A Greedy Landowner: Chubukov ek chatur zameendar hai jo apni beti ki shadi ek ameer parivar mein karke apni jaydad badhana chahta hai.
- Double-faced Personality: Shuru mein wo Lomov par shak karta hai ki wo paise udhaar maangne aaya hai, par proposal ka sunte hi wo use "my angel" aur "my son" kehkar gale laga leta hai.
- Short-tempered Father: Wo dono ki ladayi ko suljhane ke bajaye khud usmein kood padta hai aur Lomov ko 'intrigue' aur 'malicious' jaise shabd bolta hai.
The Proposal Class 10 Questions and Answers
Short Answer Type Questions (Top 20)
Ans: Chubukov initially suspects that Lomov has come to borrow money because he is dressed in formal evening clothes and seems restless.
Ans: Lomov is thirty-five years old. He considers it a critical age because he believes he must now lead a quiet and regular life due to his poor health.
Ans: The first argument erupts over the ownership of a piece of land called 'Oxen Meadows'.
Ans: He claims that his aunt’s grandmother gave the free use of the Meadows to the peasants of Natalya’s father’s grandfather in return for making bricks.
Ans: Oxen Meadows are wedged between the birchwoods and the Burnt Marsh.
Ans: When she learns that Lomov actually came to propose marriage, she becomes desperate and starts wailing to bring him back at any cost.
Ans: Lomov’s dog is named 'Guess', and he bought it from Mironov for 125 roubles.
Ans: Natalya’s dog is named 'Squeezer', and her father bought it for 85 roubles.
Ans: He suffers from heart palpitations, his lips tremble, and he experiences sudden pulls in his left side while sleeping.
Ans: During their heated argument over land, Lomov loses his temper and accuses Chubukov of being a malicious, double-faced intriguer.
Ans: She says the meadows are worth perhaps 300 roubles, but it is the unfairness of Lomov's claim that she cannot stand.
Ans: Lomov points out that Squeezer is 'overshot', which means his lower jaw is shorter than the upper one, making him a bad hunter.
Ans: The play ends with the engagement of Lomov and Natalya, although they continue to argue even after the proposal is accepted.
Ans: She is helping with farm work, showing she is an efficient and hardworking housekeeper.
Ans: It is a one-act play and a 'farce' that satirizes the marriage habits of wealthy landowners.
Ans: The play is written by the famous Russian writer Anton Chekhov.
Ans: He refers to the burden of getting his highly quarrelsome daughter married to someone.
Ans: He wears a dress-jacket and white gloves because he is visiting for the very serious and formal purpose of proposing marriage.
Ans: She calls him a "mean" and "malicious" hunter who only argues instead of hunting.
Ans: No, he chooses her because she is an "excellent housekeeper" and he needs a stable life for his health.
Long Answer Type Questions (Top 10)
Ans: Lomov is a 35-year-old bachelor who is a suspicious and sensitive landowner. He suffers from several health issues like palpitations and insomnia, making him a 'hypochondriac'. He is not truly in love with Natalya but wants to marry her for stability and social status. His stubbornness and pride lead him into unnecessary arguments over petty issues like land and dogs.
Ans: The argument starts when Lomov mentions 'his' Oxen Meadows. Natalya claims they have owned the land for nearly 300 years. Lomov tries to prove ownership using documents and family history, while Natalya and her father insist the land is theirs. The dispute escalates into personal insults, overshadowing the primary purpose of the visit, which was a marriage proposal.
Ans: Chubukov is sensible because he recognizes that Lomov is a good economic match for his daughter. However, he is extremely short-tempered; he joins the arguments instead of calming the situation and hurls insults at Lomov, calling him names like "villain" and "intriguer". His priority remains the marriage, which he eventually forces through while they are still arguing.
Ans: The play mocks how wealthy families view marriage as a business deal rather than a bond of love. The characters are more interested in protecting their property (Oxen Meadows) and proving the pedigree of their dogs than in getting to know each other. Even at the moment of engagement, they are screaming at each other, showing the superficial nature of their relationships.
Ans: After settling the land dispute briefly, a new fight starts over whose dog is better. Lomov defends 'Guess', saying he is a first-rate dog despite being old. Natalya argues 'Squeezer' is younger and superior. They criticize each other's dogs' physical flaws, pedigree, and hunting abilities, illustrating their inability to agree on anything.
Ans: Lomov's decision is purely practical. He is 35 and feels he must settle down for the sake of his health. He considers Natalya an "excellent housekeeper" and "well-educated," which he thinks are the necessary qualities for a wife. He believes he will never find "real love" if he waits, so he settles for a marriage of convenience.
Ans: The title is ironic because the actual marriage proposal is nearly lost in the noise of arguments. It highlights the comedy of the situation where the main event—a life-changing proposal—is sidelined by petty disputes over meadows and dogs. The proposal only happens because Chubukov forces it while the couple is still yelling at each other.
Ans: Initially, Natalya is aggressive, rude, and insults Lomov repeatedly. However, the moment her father tells her Lomov came to propose, her personality shifts completely. She becomes hysterical, starts crying, and begs her father to bring him back immediately, showing her desperation to get married despite her previous behavior.
Ans: Oxen Meadows acts as the catalyst for the first major conflict. It symbolizes the characters' greed and obsession with land ownership. Instead of discussing the marriage proposal, they spend the majority of their time arguing about this small piece of land, which shows their distorted values.
Ans: A farce is a comedy that uses exaggerated situations and physical humor. This play fits the description perfectly with Lomov's fainting spells, Chubukov's dramatic reactions, and the absurd escalation of arguments over minor things. The ending, where they get engaged while still screaming, is the ultimate farcical moment.
Extract Based Questions
Ans: Chubukov is surprised because Lomov has visited after a long time and is wearing a formal dress-jacket and white gloves.
Ans: He suspects that Lomov has come to borrow money.
Ans: He is trembling because he is extremely nervous about proposing to Natalya and suffers from heart palpitations.
Ans: He is already 35 years old, which he considers a 'critical age', and he wants to lead a quiet and regular life.
Ans: They are wedged between the birchwoods and the Burnt Marsh.
Ans: She claims they have had the land for nearly three hundred years.
Ans: Lomov paid 125 roubles to Mironov for his dog.
Ans: He says that Squeezer is 'overshot', meaning his lower jaw is shorter than the upper one.
Ans: Lomov faints and falls into an armchair due to extreme stress and his heart condition.
Ans: Chubukov quickly tells them to get married and gives them his blessing while they are still arguing.
The Proposal 10 UP Board MCQ (Top 30)
(A) Robert Frost | (B) Anton Chekhov | (C) Guy de Maupassant | (D) Betty Renshaw
Ans: (B) Anton Chekhov
(A) A garden | (B) Chubukov’s drawing-room | (C) Lomov’s house | (D) A public park
Ans: (B) Chubukov’s drawing-room
(A) 25 years | (B) 30 years | (C) 35 years | (D) 40 years
Ans: (C) 35 years
(A) 20 years | (B) 25 years | (C) 28 years | (D) 32 years
Ans: (B) 25 years
(A) To attend a party | (B) To propose to Natalya | (C) To borrow money | (D) For a New Year's visit
Ans: (B) To propose to Natalya
(A) To fight | (B) To borrow money | (C) To buy land | (D) To invite him to a party
Ans: (B) To borrow money
(A) Birchwoods | (B) Burnt Marsh | (C) Oxen Meadows | (D) Green Pastures
Ans: (C) Oxen Meadows
(A) Near the river | (B) Between Birchwoods and Burnt Marsh | (C) Behind the hills | (D) Next to the forest
Ans: (B) Between Birchwoods and Burnt Marsh
(A) 100 years | (B) 200 years | (C) Nearly 300 years | (D) 500 years
Ans: (C) Nearly 300 years
(A) 85 roubles | (B) 100 roubles | (C) 125 roubles | (D) 150 roubles
Ans: (C) 125 roubles
(A) Squeezer | (B) Guess | (C) Mironov | (D) Volchanetsky
Ans: (A) Squeezer
(A) 125 roubles | (B) 85 roubles | (C) 105 roubles | (D) 75 roubles
Ans: (B) 85 roubles
(A) He is old | (B) He is overshot | (C) He is too slow | (D) He is blind
Ans: (B) He is overshot
(A) Too fast | (B) Lower jaw shorter than upper | (C) Very tall | (D) High pedigree
Ans: (B) Lower jaw shorter than upper
(A) Fever | (B) Palpitations | (C) Headache | (D) Back pain
Ans: (B) Palpitations
(A) Reading | (B) Shelling peas for drying | (C) Sleeping | (D) Dancing
Ans: (B) Shelling peas for drying
(A) An angel | (B) A malicious, double-faced intriguer | (C) A good neighbor | (D) A brave hunter
Ans: (B) A malicious, double-faced intriguer
(A) She laughs | (B) She becomes hysterical and asks to bring him back | (C) She gets angrier | (D) She faints
Ans: (B) She becomes hysterical and asks to bring him back
(A) 125 roubles | (B) 300 roubles | (C) 500 roubles | (D) 85 roubles
Ans: (B) 300 roubles
(A) Lomov’s father | (B) Lomov’s aunt’s grandmother | (C) The government | (D) Chubukov’s grandfather
Ans: (B) Lomov’s aunt’s grandmother
(A) He leaves the house | (B) He faints | (C) He starts singing | (D) He apologizes
Ans: (B) He faints
(A) Selling the land | (B) Getting Natalya engaged | (C) Winning the argument | (D) Buying a new dog
Ans: (B) Getting Natalya engaged
(A) To show a love story | (B) To satirize the superficiality of wealthy landowners | (C) To promote hunting | (D) To explain land laws
Ans: (B) To satirize the superficiality of wealthy landowners
(A) He is madly in love | (B) She is an excellent housekeeper | (C) To get the land | (D) Her father forced him
Ans: (B) She is an excellent housekeeper
(A) They hug | (B) They start arguing again | (C) They go for a walk | (D) They eat dinner
Ans: (B) They start arguing again
(A) The Wedding | (B) A Marriage Proposal | (C) The Land Dispute | (D) The Neighbors
Ans: (B) A Marriage Proposal
(A) A villain | (B) My dear fellow | (C) A merchant come for his goods | (D) A dead man
Ans: (B) My dear fellow
(A) Tragedy | (B) Farce | (C) Historical | (D) Sci-fi
Ans: (B) Farce
(A) Two | (B) Three | (C) Four | (D) Five
Ans: (B) Three
(A) Walking | (B) Sleeping | (C) Eating | (D) Talking
Ans: (B) Sleeping
Case Study Based Questions
📊 Case Study 1: Marriage of Convenience
Ans: Lomov considers 35 a critical age because he feels he must settle down now to lead a quiet life before his health worsens.
Ans: His decision was based on logic and practicality rather than love, as he prioritized Natalya's housekeeping skills and social status.
📊 Case Study 2: Materialism over Relationships
Ans: It shows that both characters are extremely possessive, stubborn, and value land and property more than human relationships.
Ans: Lomov tried to prove it by mentioning family history and documents, claiming the land was given to peasants in exchange for making bricks.
Ans: They are wedged between the birchwoods and the Burnt Marsh.
📊 Case Study 3: Natalya’s Change of Heart
Ans: Her attitude changed because of her desperation to get married, showing that her social and economic needs were more important than her pride.
Ans: It highlights a society where marriage was seen as a necessary business deal for women of a certain social class.
📊 Case Study 4: Pride and Pedigree
Ans: Lomov claimed Squeezer was 'overshot', meaning his lower jaw was shorter than the upper one.
Ans: It is farcical because the couple starts fighting again immediately after getting engaged, showing they will never be at peace.
Ans: He called it a "weight off his shoulders," referring to the relief of finally getting his quarrelsome daughter married.
❓ The Proposal Class 10: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Ans: The main theme is the superficiality of the wealthy class, where marriage is treated as an economic partnership rather than a bond of love.
Ans: Lomov wants to marry her because he is 35 years old, suffers from palpitations, and considers Natalya an "excellent housekeeper" who is well-educated.
Ans: It is a land dispute where Lomov claims the meadows belong to his aunt's grandmother, while Natalya insists her family has owned them for 300 years.
Ans: Chubukov is extremely happy; he embraces Lomov and calls him "my angel" because he wants his daughter to marry into a wealthy family.
Ans: 'Guess' is Lomov's hunting dog bought for 125 roubles, and 'Squeezer' is Natalya's dog bought for 85 roubles.
Ans: He fainted due to extreme mental stress, excitement, and his existing heart condition (palpitations).
Ans: A farce is a comedy that uses highly exaggerated and absurd situations to make the audience laugh, which fits this play perfectly.
Ans: Lomov and Natalya get engaged, but they immediately start arguing again about their dogs.
Ans: He wears a dress-jacket and white gloves because he intends to make a formal marriage proposal.
Ans: He describes her as an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, and well-educated.
Ans: She says the Oxen Meadows are worth about 300 roubles, but she fights for them out of principle and fairness.
Ans: He says this in frustration when the argument between Lomov and Natalya becomes uncontrollable and Lomov faints.
Ans: It is a medical condition where the heart beats irregularly or rapidly, which Lomov suffers from whenever he gets excited.
Ans: Lomov claims they used the land for forty years in return for making bricks for his aunt's grandmother.
Ans: Chubukov means he is relieved to finally get his quarrelsome daughter married.
Ans: The play is written by the famous Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov.
Ans: She doesn't cry for him at first, but once she learns he came to propose, she becomes hysterical to bring him back.
Ans: Lomov claims Squeezer is 'overshot', meaning his lower jaw is shorter than the upper one.
Ans: No, it is a satire that mocks the lack of romance and the presence of greed in marriage decisions.
Ans: You can download the complete summary and question-answer PDF for The Proposal on shyarana.com.
