The Sermon at Benares 10 UP Board Question Answer 2026 | Class 10 English Chapter 4 Summary, MCQ & PDF

The Sermon at Benares 10 UP Board Question Answer

Summary Hindi Saaraansh Word Meanings Question Answers MCQs Extract Based FAQs

📖 The Sermon at Benares Summary in 100 Words

"The Sermon at Benares" narrates the journey of Siddhartha Gautama from a sheltered prince to the 'Enlightened One' (The Buddha), and his teachings on the inevitability of death.

📍 From Prince Siddhartha to Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama (563 B.C. – 483 B.C.) was a prince who lived a protected life for twenty-five years. He was married to a princess and had a son. However, while out hunting, he witnessed four sights that changed his life: a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and a monk begging for alms. These sufferings moved him so deeply that he left his royalty to seek enlightenment concerning the world's sorrows. After seven years of wandering, he sat under a peepal tree and attained enlightenment, renaming the tree the Bodhi Tree (Tree of Wisdom).

📍 The First Sermon at Benares

He became known as the Buddha (the Awakened or the Enlightened) and preached his first sermon at the city of Benares, the most holy dipping place on the River Ganges. This sermon reflects his wisdom about a deep kind of suffering.

📍 The Story of Kisa Gotami

Kisa Gotami had an only son who died. In her deep grief, she carried the dead child to her neighbors asking for medicine. Finally, she was directed to Sakyamuni (The Buddha). Buddha asked her to bring a handful of mustard seed, but with a condition: it must be taken from a house where no one had lost a child, husband, parent, or friend.

Kisa Gotami went from house to house, but everywhere she found that "the living are few, but the dead are many". She realized that there was no house where someone beloved had not died. This experience taught her that death is common to all and that she had been selfish in her grief.

📍 The Core Teaching: Accept Death to Find Peace

The Buddha taught that the life of mortals is brief, troubled, and combined with pain. Just as ripe fruits are in danger of falling and earthen vessels are destined to break, all living beings are subject to death.

• Neither fathers nor relatives can save someone from death.
• Grieving, weeping, or lamenting will not bring peace of mind; instead, it will make the body suffer and the pain greater.
• True peace is obtained only by "drawing out the arrow" of lamentation, complaint, and grief.

He who overcomes all sorrow will become free from sorrow and be blessed.

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📙 The Sermon at Benares Summary in Hindi Class 10

"बनारस में प्रवचन" (The Sermon at Benares) कहानी गौतम बुद्ध के जीवन और उनकी शिक्षाओं पर आधारित है। यह पाठ हमें बताता है कि कैसे सिद्धार्थ गौतम 'बुद्ध' बने और उन्होंने मृत्यु के शाश्वत सत्य के बारे में संसार को क्या सीख दी।

📍 राजकुमार सिद्धार्थ से बुद्ध तक का सफर

सिद्धार्थ गौतम (563 ई.पू. – 483 ई.पू.) उत्तर भारत के एक राजकुमार थे। उन्हें बारह वर्ष की आयु में हिंदू पवित्र ग्रंथों के अध्ययन के लिए भेजा गया और चार वर्ष बाद उन्होंने एक राजकुमारी से विवाह किया। पच्चीस वर्ष की आयु तक वे सांसारिक दुखों से पूरी तरह अनजान थे। एक बार शिकार पर जाते समय उन्होंने चार दृश्य देखे: एक बीमार व्यक्ति, एक वृद्ध व्यक्ति, एक शव यात्रा और अंत में एक भिक्षु को भीख माँगते देखा। इन दृश्यों ने उन्हें इतना विचलित कर दिया कि उन्होंने आत्मज्ञान (enlightenment) की खोज में अपना राजसी जीवन त्याग दिया। सात वर्षों तक भटकने के बाद, उन्होंने एक पीपल के पेड़ के नीचे बैठकर प्रतिज्ञा की कि जब तक ज्ञान प्राप्त नहीं होगा, वे नहीं उठेंगे। सात दिन बाद उन्हें ज्ञान प्राप्त हुआ और उन्होंने उस पेड़ का नाम 'बोधि वृक्ष' (ज्ञान का वृक्ष) रखा। यहीं से उन्हें 'बुद्ध' कहा जाने लगा।

📍 बनारस में प्रथम प्रवचन

बुद्ध ने अपना पहला प्रवचन बनारस शहर में दिया, जो गंगा नदी के सबसे पवित्र तटों में से एक है। उनके इस प्रवचन में मृत्यु के अपरिहार्य सत्य और जीवन के गहरे दुखों के बारे में ज्ञान निहित है।

📍 किसा गौतमी की कहानी

किसा गौतमी का एक ही पुत्र था जिसकी मृत्यु हो गई थी। अपने दुख में वह अपने मृत बच्चे को लेकर पड़ोसियों के पास दवा माँगने गई, लेकिन लोगों ने कहा कि वह अपना मानसिक संतुलन खो चुकी है। अंत में वह बुद्ध के पास पहुँची। बुद्ध ने उसे सांत्वना दी और कहा कि वे उसके पुत्र को ठीक कर सकते हैं, लेकिन इसके लिए उन्हें 'एक मुट्ठी सरसों के दाने' चाहिए। बुद्ध ने एक शर्त रखी: "सरसों के दाने ऐसे घर से होने चाहिए जहाँ किसी ने अपना बच्चा, पति, माता-पिता या मित्र न खोया हो"।

किसा गौतमी घर-घर गई, लेकिन उसे ऐसा कोई घर नहीं मिला जहाँ किसी प्रियजन की मृत्यु न हुई हो। अंत में थककर वह सड़क किनारे बैठ गई और शहर की टिमटिमाती रोशनी को देखने लगी। उसे अहसास हुआ कि मनुष्य का जीवन भी इन रोशनियों की तरह है जो टिमटिमाती हैं और बुझ जाती हैं। उसे अपनी स्वार्थपरता का बोध हुआ और वह समझ गई कि मृत्यु सभी के लिए समान है।

📍 बुद्ध की मुख्य शिक्षा

बुद्ध ने सिखाया कि इस संसार में जीवित प्राणियों का जीवन कष्टों से भरा और संक्षिप्त है। जिस प्रकार पके हुए फलों को गिरने का डर रहता है और मिट्टी के बर्तन अंततः टूट जाते हैं, उसी प्रकार मृत्यु से कोई नहीं बच सकता।

• मृत्यु पर न तो पिता का वश चलता है और न ही रिश्तेदारों का।
• शोक (grief) करने या रोने से मन को शांति नहीं मिलती, बल्कि शरीर को कष्ट होता है और दर्द बढ़ जाता है।
• शांति केवल वही प्राप्त कर सकता है जो शोक, शिकायत और दुख के तीर को अपने मन से निकाल देता है।

जो व्यक्ति दुख पर विजय पा लेता है, वह शोक से मुक्त होकर आशीर्वाद प्राप्त करता है।

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📚 Important Word Meanings

Word	English Meaning	Hindi Meaning
Sermon	Moral advice by a religious leader	धर्मोपदेश/प्रवचन
Afflicted with	Affected by suffering or disease	कष्ट या बीमारी से ग्रस्त
Enlightenment	A state of high spiritual knowledge	आत्मज्ञान/दिव्य ज्ञान
Funeral Procession	A group of people moving for a burial	शव-यात्रा
Alms	Money or food given to poor people	भिक्षा
Wandered	Moved aimlessly from place to place	भटकना/भ्रमण करना
Bodhi Tree	The Tree of Wisdom	बोधि वृक्ष (ज्ञान का वृक्ष)
Inscrutable	Impossible to understand	रहस्यमयी/दुर्बोध
Grief	Deep sorrow, especially caused by death	शोक/गहरा दुख
Procure	To obtain or get something	प्राप्त करना/जुटाना
Sakyamuni	Another name for Buddha	शाक्यमुनि (बुद्ध)
Handful	A small quantity that fills a hand	मुट्ठी भर
Pitied	Feeling of sorrow for others' trouble	दया करना
Weary	Feeling very tired	थका हुआ
Flickered	Shone with an unsteady light	टिमटिमाना
Extinguished	Put out or ceased to burn	बुझ जाना
Mortals	Those who must die eventually	नश्वर/मरणशील
Brief	Short in duration	संक्षिप्त/थोड़ा
Earthen vessels	Pots made of baked clay	मिट्टी के बर्तन
Slaughter	Killing of animals for food	वध/क़साई खाना
Lamentation	Expression of deep regret or sorrow	विलाप/शोक प्रकट करना
Dampened	Make less strong or intense	कम करना (उत्साह/दुख)
Surrendered	To give up or stop resisting	त्याग देना/समर्पण करना
Blessed	Made holy or consecrated	आशीर्वाद प्राप्त/धन्य
Immortal	Living forever; never dying	अमर

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✏️ The Sermon at Benares Questions and Answers Class 10

Q1. When her son dies, Kisa Gotami goes from house to house. What does she ask for? Does she get it? Why not?

Ans: When her son dies, Kisa Gotami goes from house to house asking for medicine that would cure her child. No, she does not get it because her son was already dead and no medicine can bring the dead back to life.

Q2. Why does the conductor call Valli ‘madam’?

Ans: The conductor called Valli 'Madam' because she was behaving like a grown-up lady and said that she did not need any help to get on the bus. The conductor was in a jolly mood and mockingly addressed her as 'Madam'.

Q3. What was Valli’s favourite pastime?

Ans: Valli’s favourite pastime was standing in the front doorway of her house, watching what was happening in the street outside.

Q4. Kisa Gotami again goes from house to house after she speaks with the Buddha. What does she ask for, the second time around? Does she get it? Why not?

Ans: The second time, she asks for a handful of mustard seeds from a house where no one had lost a child, husband, parent, or friend. She does not get it because there was no house where someone beloved had not died.

Q5. What does Kisa Gotami understand the second time that she failed to understand the first time? Was this what the Buddha wanted her to understand?

Ans: She understands that death is common to all and that she was being selfish in her grief. Yes, this is exactly what the Buddha wanted her to understand—that life is brief and combined with pain.

Q6. Why do you think Kisa Gotami understood this only the second time? In what way did the Buddha change her understanding?

Ans: The first time, she was overwhelmed by personal grief. The Buddha changed her understanding by giving her a task that made her realize that every family has suffered the loss of a loved one, making her see death as a universal truth.

Q7. What was a source of unending joy for Valli? What was her strongest desire?

Ans: The sight of the bus filled with new passengers each time was a source of unending joy for Valli. Her strongest desire was to ride on that bus.

Q8. What did Valli find out about the bus journey? How did she find out these details?

Ans: She found out that the town was six miles away, the fare was thirty paise one way, and the trip took forty-five minutes. She learned these details by listening to neighbors' conversations and asking a few discreet questions.

Q9. Why does Valli stand up on the seat? What does she see now?

Ans: Valli stood up because a canvas blind covered the lower part of her window and cut off her view. After standing up, she saw the canal, palm trees, mountains, and the blue sky on one side, and a deep ditch with green fields on the other.

Q10. Why didn’t Valli want to make friends with the elderly woman?

Ans: Valli found the elderly woman repulsive because of the big holes in her earlobes, her ugly earrings, and the betel juice that was about to spill from her mouth. Also, she didn't want anyone to know about her secret journey.

✏️ The Sermon at Benares Long Questions and Answers Class 10

Q1. Describe the journey of Siddhartha Gautama from a prince to 'The Buddha'.

Ans: Siddhartha Gautama was a prince who lived a protected life for twenty-five years, married to a princess with a son. While out hunting, he witnessed four sights—a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and a monk begging for alms—which moved him deeply concerning the world's sorrows. He left his royalty to seek enlightenment and wandered for seven years before sitting under a peepal tree. After seven days of meditation, he attained enlightenment and renamed the tree the 'Bodhi Tree'. He then became known as the Buddha and began sharing his wisdom, starting with his first sermon at Benares.

Q2. What did Kisa Gotami understand the second time that she failed to understand the first time? How did the Buddha change her perspective?

Ans: The first time her son died, Kisa Gotami was blinded by personal grief and sought medicine to bring him back to life. The Buddha gave her the task of finding mustard seeds from a house where no one had died. During her second journey, she realized that every house had lost a loved one and that "the living are few, but the dead are many". She understood that death is common to all and that she had been selfish in her grief. Through this practical task, the Buddha changed her understanding of death from a personal tragedy to a universal truth.

Q3. "The life of mortals in this world is troubled and brief." Explain this statement in the light of Buddha's teachings.

Ans: The Buddha taught that human life is short, filled with trouble, and combined with pain. He compared mortals to ripe fruits that are in constant danger of falling and earthen vessels made by a potter that are destined to be broken. Just as these objects inevitably end, so does the life of every person, whether young or old, fool or wise. He emphasized that there is no means to avoid death once born, and neither fathers nor relatives can save anyone from the power of death.

Q4. According to the Buddha, how can one obtain peace of mind?

Ans: Buddha explained that peace of mind cannot be obtained through weeping or grieving. On the contrary, lamentation only increases pain and makes the body suffer, often leading to sickness and paleness without saving the dead. To find true peace, a person must "draw out the arrow" of complaint, grief, and lamentation. He who overcomes all sorrow and becomes composed will obtain peace of mind and be free from suffering, eventually becoming blessed.

Q5. Discuss the significance of the first sermon delivered by Buddha at Benares.

Ans: The first sermon at Benares is highly significant as it was delivered at the most holy dipping place on the River Ganges. This sermon serves as a reflection of the Buddha's wisdom regarding an "inscrutable kind of suffering". It established the core Buddhist philosophy that death is an inescapable part of the cycle of life. Through the story of Kisa Gotami mentioned in this context, the sermon teaches the importance of surrendering selfishness and accepting mortality to reach a path of immortality.

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🎯 The Sermon at Benares 10 UP Board MCQ

1. What was the early name of Gautama Buddha?
(A) Siddhartha Gautama | (B) Sakyamuni | (C) Vardhamana | (D) Suddhodana
Correct Answer: (A) Siddhartha Gautama

2. At what age was Siddhartha sent away for schooling?
(A) Ten | (B) Twelve | (C) Fifteen | (D) Twenty-five
Correct Answer: (B) Twelve

3. How long did Siddhartha wander before sitting under the peepal tree?
(A) Five years | (B) Seven years | (C) Ten years | (D) Twelve years
Correct Answer: (B) Seven years

4. What did Buddha rename the peepal tree after attaining enlightenment?
(A) Wisdom Tree | (B) Bodhi Tree | (C) Holy Tree | (D) Buddha Tree
Correct Answer: (B) Bodhi Tree

5. Where did Buddha preach his first sermon?
(A) Magadha | (B) Benares | (C) Lumbini | (D) Kushinagar
Correct Answer: (B) Benares

6. Why did Kisa Gotami go from house to house?
(A) To get food | (B) To ask for medicine | (C) To find a job | (D) To seek money
Correct Answer: (B) To ask for medicine

7. What did the Buddha ask Kisa Gotami to bring?
(A) Rice | (B) A handful of mustard seed | (C) Flowers | (D) Wheat
Correct Answer: (B) A handful of mustard seed

8. What was the condition for the mustard seeds?
(A) They must be fresh | (B) They must come from a house with no deaths | (C) They must be given by a man | (D) They must be black
Correct Answer: (B) They must come from a house with no deaths

9. What did Kisa Gotami realize after visiting every house?
(A) People were rude | (B) Everyone was happy | (C) Death is common to all | (D) Seeds were expensive
Correct Answer: (C) Death is common to all

10. According to Buddha, what are 'ripe fruits' in danger of?
(A) Getting eaten | (B) Falling | (C) Rotting | (D) Growing big
Correct Answer: (B) Falling

11. Buddha compared human life to which of these?
(A) Earthen vessels | (B) Glass bottles | (C) Iron boxes | (D) Paper bags
Correct Answer: (A) Earthen vessels

12. What does 'The Awakened' refer to?
(A) Siddhartha | (B) The Buddha | (C) Kisa Gotami | (D) The Monk
Correct Answer: (B) The Buddha

13. What sight first moved Siddhartha to seek enlightenment?
(A) A crying baby | (B) A sick man | (C) A poor farmer | (D) A dancing girl
Correct Answer: (B) A sick man

14. How can one obtain peace of mind according to the sermon?
(A) By crying loudly | (B) By drawing out the arrow of lamentation | (C) By staying alone | (D) By ignoring others
Correct Answer: (B) By drawing out the arrow of lamentation

15. In what city did Buddha deliver his first sermon?
(A) Delhi | (B) Benares | (C) Haridwar | (D) Prayagraj
Correct Answer: (B) Benares

16. The word 'Inscrutable' in the chapter means:
(A) Clear | (B) Impossible to understand | (C) Visible | (D) Easy
Correct Answer: (B) Impossible to understand

17. What did Kisa Gotami think of herself when she sat by the wayside?
(A) That she was lucky | (B) That she was selfish in her grief | (C) That she was brave | (D) That she was wise
Correct Answer: (B) That she was selfish in her grief

18. For how many years did Siddhartha live as a prince?
(A) Ten | (B) Twenty-five | (C) Thirty | (D) Forty
Correct Answer: (B) Twenty-five

19. What happens to the body of a person who grieves too much?
(A) It becomes strong | (B) It suffers and becomes pale | (C) It feels no pain | (D) It grows faster
Correct Answer: (B) It suffers and becomes pale

20. He who has overcome all sorrow will become:
(A) Rich | (B) Blessed | (C) Sad | (D) Famous
Correct Answer: (B) Blessed

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📄 Extract Based Questions

"At twelve, he was sent away for schooling in the Hindu sacred scriptures and four years later he returned home to marry a princess. They had a son and lived for ten years as befitted royalty."

Q1. At what age was Siddhartha sent for schooling?
Ans: Siddhartha was sent away for schooling at the age of twelve.

Q2. What did he study during his schooling?
Ans: He studied Hindu sacred scriptures.

"At about the age of twenty-five, the Prince, heretofore shielded from the sufferings of the world, while out hunting chanced upon a sick man, then an aged man, then a funeral procession, and finally a monk begging for alms."

Q3. What were the four sights Siddhartha witnessed?
Ans: He saw a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and a monk begging for alms.

Q4. How did these sights affect him?
Ans: These sights moved him so much that he went out into the world to seek enlightenment concerning the sorrows he had witnessed.

"Kisa Gotami became weary and hopeless, and sat down at the wayside watching the lights of the city, as they flickered up and were extinguished again. At last the darkness of the night reigned everywhere."

Q5. What did the flickering lights of the city symbolize to Kisa Gotami?
Ans: The lights symbolized the lives of mortals that flicker up and are extinguished again.

Q6. What was the 'darkness' she realized at the end?
Ans: She realized that death is common to all and that she had been selfish in her grief.

"As all earthen vessels made by the potter end in being broken, so is the life of mortals. Both young and adult, both those who are fools and those who are wise, all fall into the power of death."

Q7. Why does Buddha compare human life to earthen vessels?
Ans: Just as all earthen vessels are destined to break, human life is destined to end in death.

Q8. Who is subject to the power of death?
Ans: Everyone—young and adult, fools and wise—is subject to the power of death.

"He who seeks peace should draw out the arrow of lamentation, and complaint, and grief. He who has drawn out the arrow and has become composed will obtain peace of mind."

Q9. What is the 'arrow' Buddha refers to?
Ans: The arrow refers to lamentation, complaint, and grief.

Q10. How can one become 'blessed' according to this extract?
Ans: One becomes blessed by overcoming all sorrow and becoming free from it.

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📊 Case Study 1: The Path to Enlightenment

Scenario: Rajkumar Siddhartha ne 25 varsh tak ek surakshit jeevan jiya. Lekin bimar vyakti, vriddh, shav-yatra aur bhikshu ke drishyon ne unhe itna prabhavit kiya ki unhone apna raj-paat tyag diya. 7 saal bhatakne ke baad unhe 'Bodhi Tree' ke niche gyan prapt hua.

Q1. What prompted Siddhartha to leave his royal life?

Ans: Witnessing the suffering of a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and a monk moved him to seek enlightenment.

Q2. What does the renaming of the peepal tree to 'Bodhi Tree' signify?

Ans: It signifies the tree of wisdom where Siddhartha attained spiritual awakening or enlightenment.

Q3. Why did Buddha choose Benares for his first sermon?

Ans: Benares was considered the most holy dipping place on the River Ganges, making it a significant location to share his wisdom.

📊 Case Study 2: Universal Truth of Death

Scenario: Kisa Gotami apne mrit bete ke liye dawa maang rahi thi. Buddha ne use ek mutthi sarson ke daane laane ko kaha, lekin shart ye thi ki wo aise ghar se ho jahan kisi ki mrityu na hui ho.

Q4. Why did Buddha give such a difficult task to Kisa Gotami?

Ans: He wanted her to realize through her own experience that death is common to all families and she was not alone in her grief.

Q5. What was the result of Kisa Gotami’s search for mustard seeds?

Ans: She found that there was no house where a beloved person had not died, leading her to understand the reality of mortality.

Q6. How did Kisa Gotami’s perspective change after the task?

Ans: She realized that she had been selfish in her grief and that human lives are like city lights that flicker and extinguish.

📊 Case Study 3: Overcoming Sorrow

Scenario: Buddha ne manushyon ki tulna paki huye phalon aur mitti ke bartano se ki jo ant mein toot-te hi hain. Unhone sikhaya ki rone se dard kam nahi hota balki sharir ko kasht pahunchta hai.

Q7. According to Buddha, how are human beings like earthen vessels?

Ans: Just as all earthen vessels made by a potter eventually end in being broken, the life of every mortal ends in death.

Q8. What is the physical effect of grieving according to the sermon?

Ans: Weeping and grieving make the body suffer, causing the person to become sick and pale without saving the dead.

Q9. What does 'drawing out the arrow' mean in the context of peace?

Ans: It means removing the feelings of lamentation, complaint, and deep grief to achieve a composed state of mind.

Q10. Who can be called 'blessed' according to Buddha?

Ans: A person who overcomes all sorrow, draws out the arrow of grief, and becomes composed is called blessed.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

❓ The Sermon at Benares: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1. What was the original name of Gautama Buddha?
Ans: His original name was Siddhartha Gautama.

Q2. At what age was Siddhartha sent for schooling?
Ans: He was sent away for schooling at the age of twelve.

Q3. What did Siddhartha study during his schooling?
Ans: He was schooled in the Hindu sacred scriptures.

Q4. How long did Siddhartha live as a prince before seeking enlightenment?
Ans: He lived as a prince for about ten years after his marriage.

Q5. What were the 'four sights' that changed Siddhartha's life?
Ans: He saw a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and a monk begging for alms.

Q6. How long did Siddhartha wander in search of enlightenment?
Ans: He wandered for seven years.

Q7. Under which tree did Siddhartha attain enlightenment?
Ans: He attained enlightenment under a peepal tree.

Q8. What does 'Bodhi Tree' mean?
Ans: It means the 'Tree of Wisdom'.

Q9. Where did Buddha preach his first sermon?
Ans: He preached his first sermon at the city of Benares.

Q10. Why is Benares significant in the story?
Ans: Benares is considered the most holy dipping place on the River Ganges.

Q11. Who was Kisa Gotami?
Ans: She was a woman who had lost her only son and went to Buddha for help.

Q12. What did Kisa Gotami ask from her neighbors?
Ans: She asked for medicine to cure her dead child.

Q13. What task did the Buddha give to Kisa Gotami?
Ans: He asked her to bring a handful of mustard seeds from a house where no one had died.

Q14. Why did Kisa Gotami fail to get mustard seeds?
Ans: Every house she visited had lost a loved one, like a child, parent, or friend.

Q15. What did Kisa Gotami realize after visiting every house?
Ans: She realized that death is common to all and she was being selfish in her grief.

Q16. According to Buddha, what is the nature of human life?
Ans: Human life is troubled, brief, and combined with pain.

Q17. To what did Buddha compare the life of mortals?
Ans: He compared it to ripe fruits in danger of falling and earthen vessels destined to be broken.

Q18. Can grieving save the dead?
Ans: No, grieving only increases pain and makes the body suffer without saving the deceased.

Q19. How can a person obtain peace of mind?
Ans: By drawing out the 'arrow' of lamentation, complaint, and grief.

Q20. What happens to a person who overcomes all sorrow?
Ans: That person will become free from sorrow and be blessed.

Q21. What does the word 'mortals' mean?
Ans: It refers to living beings that are subject to death.

Q22. What is the meaning of 'lamentation'?
Ans: It is the expression of deep sorrow or grief.

Q23. Why did Siddhartha leave his family?
Ans: To find a way to end the sufferings of the world.

Q24. What does 'Sakyamuni' refer to?
Ans: It is another name for Gautama Buddha.

Q25. How long did it take Siddhartha to attain enlightenment under the tree?
Ans: He attained it after seven days.

Q26. What lesson did the flickering city lights teach Kisa Gotami?
Ans: That lives flicker and are extinguished just like lights.

Q27. Is grieving a selfish act according to Kisa Gotami's realization?
Ans: She felt she was being selfish by not accepting that death is a universal fate.

Q28. What does 'Inscrutable' mean in the chapter?
Ans: Something that is impossible to understand or interpret.

Q29. What is the path to immortality according to the text?
Ans: Surrendering all selfishness in this valley of desolation.

Q30. Who is the author/source of the story?
Ans: The text is by Betty Renshaw.

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